Major 6

Essay 

Q - 1. Translating the proverb and idioms, and paragraph

Ans:- 

1. Break the ice 🧊: 

🪷 Literal meaning: 

  • બરફ તોડવો / to physically break or crack the ice .

🪷 Meaning:

  • To start a conversation in a friendly way and remove the initial shyness or tension between people.

🪷 Gujarati meaning:

  • વાતની શરૂઆત કરવી / મૌન તોડવું.”

🪷 Equivalence :

1. “વાતની ગાંઠ ખોલવી”

– (to untie the knot of conversation).

2. चुप्पी तोड़ना / बात की शुरुआत करना

- ( to break the silence, or starts to talk.) 

📌 Example:

At the party, he told a funny joke to break the ice.

2. Add fuel to fire 🔥:

🪷Literal meaning:

 • to pour ghee in the fire.

🪷 Meaning:

 • To make a bad situation worse by saying or doing something that increases anger, conflict, or problems.

🪷 Gujarati meaning: 

 • it remains same 'આગમાં ઘી નાખવું'.

🪷 Equivalence :

1.“ઝગડામાં મરચું નાખવું”

– (to throw chili into a quarrel) → to make the fight more intense.

2.“આગમાં ઘી નાખવું ”

– (to pour ghee into the fire) → exact same as English, very common.

📌 Example:

When they were already arguing, his rude comment just added fuel to the fire.

3. Kick the bucket🪣: 

🪷 Literal meaning :

 •To kick a bucket with foot.

🪷Meaning: 

 •To die / to pass away (મરી જવું / मर जाना).

🪷 Gujarati meaning:

 • મરી જવું 

🪷 Equivalence:

1. “स्वर्ग सिधार जाना”

– to depart to heaven (polite/formal)

2.“ઈશ્વરના ઘરે જવું”

– literal: to go to God’s home.

📌 Example:

The old man finally kicked the bucket after a long illness.

4. The ball in your court⚾⛳: 

🪷 Literal meaning: 

 • The ball has landed on your side of the court.

🪷 Meaning:

 •Now it’s your turn to take action or make a decision.

🪷 Gujarati meaning 

 •હવે નિર્ણય તારા હાથમાં છે.

🪷 Equivalence :

1.“હવે તારો વારો છે” (Now it’s your turn)

2. “अब फैसला तुम्हारे हाथ में है” (The decision is in your hands)

📌 Example:

I’ve done everything I can; now the ball is in your court.

5. When pigs fly🐷🪽:

🪷Literal meaning :

 •Pigs flying in the sky with wings 

🪷Meaning :

 •Something that will never happen / an impossible thing.

🪷Gujarat meaning :

 •"એકાદ તહેવારને ચાંદ દેખાડે ત્યારે" (something that happens extremely rarely).

🪷Equivalence :

 1. “जब गधे सींग मारेंगे”

– “When donkeys grow horns” → impossible.

 2. “ડુક્કર શીંગડા પાડે ત્યારે”

– “When pigs grow horns” → impossible situation.

📌 Example:

He will study without being told when pigs fly.

6. Once in a blue moon🌚:

🪷Literal meaning :

 •When the moon actually appears blue in color (which is extremely rare).

🪷Meaning :

 •Something that happens very rarely.

🪷Gujarati meaning :

 •ખૂબ જ ઓછા વખત / બહુ દુર્લભ પ્રસંગે.

🪷Equivalence :

 1. “અમેરિયા બેર આવશે ત્યારે”

– When Amriya berries come (a fruit that never comes → very rare).

 2. “कभी–कभार”

– Once in a while / rarely.

📌 Example:

He comes to the village once in a blue moon.

7. Let the cat out of the bag 🛍️ 😺:

🪷Literal meaning :

 •To take a cat out of a bag.

🪷Meaning :

 •To reveal a secret, often by mistake or before the right time.

🪷Gujarati meaning :

 • રહસ્ય ખુલ્લું પાડવું.

🪷Equivalence :

 1.“ભેદ ઉઘાડવો”

 2.“राज़ खोलना”

📌 Example:

We wanted her promotion to be a surprise, but John let the cat out of the bag.

8. A piece of cake 🍰 :

🪷Literal meaning :

 •A slice of cake.

🪷Meaning :

 •Something that is very easy to do.

🪷Gujarati meaning :

 •ખૂબ સહેલું કામ.

🪷Equivalence :

 •“પાણી પીવું જેટલું સહેલું” → As easy as drinking water.

 •“बाएँ हाथ का खेल” → A game of the left hand (very easy).

📌 Example:

The exam was a piece of cake.

9. Don't cry over spilled milk🥛:

🪷Literal meaning :

 •If milk has already fallen on the ground, crying will not bring it back.

🪷Meaning :

 •Don’t waste time worrying about things that have already happened and cannot be changed.

🪷Gujarati meaning :

 •દૂધ વેરાઈ ગયું છે, તેના માટે રડવું નહીં.

🪷Equivalence :

 •“થઈ ગયેલી વાત પર પસ્તાવો ના કરવો.”

 •"अब पछताए क्या जब चिड़िया चुग गई खेत।"

📌 Example:

It’s sad you lost money, but don’t cry over spilled milk.

Q -2  Translating the stories, poem & emotions :-

1.) "Post office"

✳️ English

In the grey sky of early dawn stars still glowed, as happy memories light up a life that is nearing its close. And old man was walking through the town, now when again drawing his tattered clothes tighter to shield hos body from the cold and biting wind. From some houses came the sound of grinding mills, and the sweet voices of women singing at their work, and the sound helped him along his lonely way. Except for the occasional bark of a dog, the distant steps of a workman going to work, or the screech of a bird disturbed before it's time, the whole town was wrapped in deathly silence. Most of its inhabitants were still in the arms of sleep, the sleep which grew more and more profound on account of the intense winter cold; for the cold used sleep to extend its sway over all things even as a false friend lulls his choosen victim with caressing smiles. The old man, shivering at times but fixed of purpose, plodded on till he came out of the town - gate on to a straight road. Along this he now went at a somewhat slower pace, supporting himself on his old staff.

 

✳️ Gujarati translation:

પાછલી રાત્રિનુ ભૂરું આકાશ, માનવજીવનમાં અનેક સુખદ યાદગીરી ચમકી રહે તેમ, નાના મોટા તારાઓ થી ચમકી રહ્યું હતું. ઠંડા પવનના સુસવાટા થી પોતાના જુના અને ફાટેલા ઝબ્બા ને શરીરે વધારે ને વધારે લપેટી લેતો એક વૃદ્ધ ડોસો શહેરના મધ્ય ભાગમાં થઈને જતો હતો. સ્વાધીન અવસ્થા ભોગવતા કેટલાક ઘરોમાંથી આ વખતે ઘંટી નો મધુર લાગતો અવાજ, કોઈક વહેલા ઉઠનારના પગરખાં નો છેટેથી સંભાળતો શબ્દ કે કોઈ અકાળે જાગેલા પક્ષીનો સ્વર: 

એ સિવાય શહેર તદ્દન શાંત હતું. લોકો મીઠી નિંદ્રામાં ઘોરતા હતા, અને શિયાળાની ઠંડીથી રાત્રિ વધારે ગાંઠ બનતી હતી. કહે નહિ છતાં કતલ કરી નાખે એવા મીઠા મનુષ્યના સ્વભાવ જેવી શિયાળાની ઠંડી કાતિલ હથિયાર ની માફક પોતાનો કાબુ સર્વત્ર ફેલાવી રહી હતી. વૃદ્ધ ડોસો ધ્રુજતોને શાંત રીતે ડગમગ ચાલતો, ‌ શહેરના દરવાજા બહાર થઈ, એક સીધી સડક પર આવી પહોંચ્યો, ‌ ને ધીમે ધીમે પોતાની જૂની ડાંગના ટેકાથી આગળ વધ્યો. 

🪷 Observation :

1. Faithfulness to Original Sense:

The translation keeps the essence of the old man walking in the cold, the silence of the town, the sounds of mills and women singing, the metaphor of cold as a false friend.

In this word to word is not done sense to sense translation is done which makes read naturally in gujarati.

2. Use of Gujarati Idiomatic Expressions:

Words like "ડોસો" (old man), "ઝબ્બા" (tattered clothes), and "કાતિલ હથિયાર" (murderous weapon) give cultural and emotional weight to the translation.

3. Slight Expansion / Paraphrasing

The English text says: “From some houses came the sound of grinding mills, and the sweet voices of women singing at their work...”

In Gujarati :

"સ્વાધીન અવસ્થા ભોગવતા કેટલાક ઘરોમાંથી આ વખતે ઘંટી નો મધુર લાગતો અવાજ..."→ Here, “ઘંટીનો મધુર અવાજ” is not in the original, but you added it to make the sentence more melodious in Gujarati.

4. Tone and Flow

The English original is poetic, descriptive, and melancholic. It also shows slow, detailed, and emotional—matching the atmosphere of early dawn and the lonely journey.

2.) "Three neighbours"

✳️ English 

The seth and Ram are waking; the whole world's calling;

The burdens of the earth with the saviour's birth are falling.

Sounds of the morning, 

Birds twittering in the morning,

Drown out Makor's hungry howl.

Ram is in forest dwelling; the Seth in his palace home.

Temple gongs and trumpet sound of revelry are blown.

Makor faints to her death.

A lone black crow laments her gone .

✳️ Gujarati translation 

શેઠ જાગે તે રામજી જાગે, જાગે સો સંસાર. 

ભોમના ભાર ઉતારવા આજે જન્મ્યા તા કિરતાર,

પરોઢના જાગતા સાદે રે, 

પંખીના મીઠડા નાદે રે,

ડૂબે માકોર નો ભૂખ પોકાર. 

શેઠ હસે બેઠા આઠમે માળે, રામ રમે રણવાસ,

રામે મંદિર ઝાલર બાજે, શેઠને મહેલ હુલાસ, 

માકોરની મૂરછાંટાણે‌ રે,

ઘંટીના મોતના ગાણે રે, 

કાળો એક કાગ ક‌ળે‌ળે નિસાસ,

🪷 Observation:

1. Wealth vs Renunciation – Seth in palace, Ram in forest.

શેઠ મહેલમાં, રામ રણમાં.

2. Nature vs Celebration – Birds sing, temple gongs resound.

પંખી ગાય, મંદિરે ઝાંઝ વાગે.

3. Ignored Suffering – Makor dies, only crow laments.

માકોર મરે, કાગ જ રડે.

4. Philosophical Irony – Ram born, yet pain remains.

રામ જન્મ્યા, દુઃખ યથાવત.

3.) "The heart seeks"

✳️ English

The heart seeks again, those nights and days 

Sitting for long, with my imaginings at play. 

In summer nights Easter lies 

Staying awake in white sheet 

Star-gazing in the terrace, stretch on a feet 

✳️Hindi translation 

मिर्जा गालिब का एक शेर है 

दिल ढूंढता है फिर वही फुर्सत के रात – दिन 

बैठे रहे तसव्वर – ए – जाना किए हए

 

या गर्मियों की रात जो पुरवइया चले 

ठंडे सफेद बिस्तर पर जागे देर तक     

तारों को देखते रहे छत पर पड़े हुए 

🪷 Observation:

1. Theme → Nostalgia and imagination, heart longing for carefree nights and days.

विषय → स्मृतियाँ और कल्पना, दिल फिर वही बेफ़िक्र दिन-रात चाहता है।

2. Imagery → Summer nights, cool breeze, white sheets, terrace star-gazing.

बिंब → गर्मियों की रातें, ठंडी पुरवाइयाँ, सफेद बिस्तर, छत पर तारों को निहारना।

3. Tone → Meditative, tender, filled with longing.

स्वर → ध्यानमग्न, कोमल और अभिलाषा से भरा हुआ।

4. Language → Poetic words preserve rhythm and emotion in both versions.

भाषा → काव्यात्मक शब्द लय और भाव को दोनों रूपों में बनाए रखते हैं।

5. Nostalgia → “The heart seeks again” mirrors दिल ढूंढता है फिर वही, evoking lost leisure.

स्मृति → “The heart seeks again” सीधा दिल ढूंढता है फिर वही को दर्शाता है, बीती फुर्सत को जगाता है।

6. Cultural Reflection → Terrace nights in Indian summers reflect everyday lived experience.

4. "Kabuliwala" 

✳️ English 

Mini's mother is a naturally timid person. Whenever she hears a slight noise from the street, she thinks all the tipplers of the world are rushing together towards our house. After living so many years in this world (though not many), she has still not been able to temper her fear that the world is full of all kinds of horrors: thieves, robbers, drunkards, snakes, tigers, malaria, cockroaches, and European soldiers.

✳️ Gujarati translation 

મીની ની મા ખૂબ વહેમી સ્વભાવની બાઈ હતી. રસ્તા પર જરા જેટલો‌ અવાજ થાય તો‌‌ આખી દુનિયાના દારૂડિઓ બસ અમારા જ‌ ઘરમાં ઘૂસવા દોડી આવે છે એવું એને લાગે. આખી પૃથ્વી ચારે ખૂણે ચોર, ‌ડાકુ, દારૂડીયા, સાપ, વાઘ, મેલેરિયા, ઇયળો, વંદા, કાનખજૂરા, અને ગોરાઓથી જ ભરાયેલી છે એ એનો ભય આટલા દિવસ ( બહુ વધારે દિવસ ન હોતા થયા) ઓ પૃથ્વી પર વાસ કરતા છતાં હજી એના મનમાંથી દૂર થયો નહોતો. 

🪷 Observation:

1. Theme → Human fear and insecurity, especially in timid personalities.

2. Characterization → Mini’s mother is portrayed as overly cautious, imagining every noise as danger.

3. Tone → Humorous yet sympathetic — her fears seem exaggerated to the reader but real to her.

4. Imagery → The long list of dangers (thieves, snakes, malaria, cockroaches, soldiers) creates both fear and comic effect.

5. Social Reflection → Reveals how ordinary families lived surrounded by anxieties of disease, crime, and colonial rule.

6. Irony → Despite living many years in the world, her fear never lessened but grew stronger.

Thank you....

• Citation: 

👉🏻 Photos created from chat GPT.

 

👉🏻 Some information taken from Google translator, chat GPT and  Cambridge dictionary.